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Internet protocol suite
The Internet protocol suite is the computer networking model and set of communications protocols used on the Internet and similar computer networks. It is commonly known as TCP/IP, from Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP).
TCP/IP provides end-to-end connectivity specifying how data should be packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination. This functionality is organized into four abstraction layers which are used to sort all related protocols according to the scope of networking involved.〔RFC 1122, ''Requirements for Internet Hosts – Communication Layers'', R. Braden (ed.), October 1989.〕〔RFC 1123, ''Requirements for Internet Hosts – Application and Support'', R. Braden (ed.), October 1989〕 From lowest to highest, the layers are the link layer, containing communication technologies for a single network segment (link); the internet layer, connecting hosts across independent networks, thus establishing internetworking; the transport layer handling host-to-host communication; and the application layer, which provides process-to-process application data exchange.
The TCP/IP model and related protocol models are maintained by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
==History==
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